{"id":25161,"date":"2025-11-28T08:41:04","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T08:41:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=25161"},"modified":"2025-11-28T08:41:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T08:41:04","slug":"ngu-phap-n5-the-ngan-the-thong-thuong","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/kien-thuc-n5\/ngu-phap-n5\/ngu-phap-n5-the-ngan-the-thong-thuong\/","title":{"rendered":"[Ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p N5] Th\u1ec3 Ng\u1eafn \/ Th\u1ec3 Th\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia theo <strong>th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/strong>. Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Trong giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00e2n m\u1eadt (b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, v\u0103n vi\u1ebft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a. <strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nh\u00f3m<\/th><th>Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th><th>Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Nh\u00f3m I<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u304f<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nh\u00f3m II<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u308b<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nh\u00f3m III<\/td><td>\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3059\u308b<br>\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u308b<\/td><td>\u3057\u306a\u3044<br>\u6765\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u66f8\u3044\u305f, \u98df\u3079\u305f, \u3057\u305f, \u6765\u305f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b. <strong>T\u00ednh t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111u\u00f4i \u3044 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Th\u1ec3<\/th><th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9ad8\u3044 \u2192 \u9ad8\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9ad8\u3044 \u2192 \u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9ad8\u3044 \u2192 \u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9ad8\u3044 \u2192 \u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111u\u00f4i \u306a <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Th\u1ec3<\/th><th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9759\u304b \u2192 \u9759\u304b\u3060<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9759\u304b \u2192 \u9759\u304b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9759\u304b \u2192 \u9759\u304b\u3060\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u9759\u304b \u2192 \u9759\u304b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">c. <strong>Danh t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Th\u1ec3<\/th><th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u5b66\u751f \u2192 \u5b66\u751f\u3060<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u5b66\u751f \u2192 \u5b66\u751f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u5b66\u751f \u2192 \u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u5b66\u751f \u2192 \u5b66\u751f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00edt trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n <strong>th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1<\/strong> (\u307e\u3059\/\u3067\u3059)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00f9ng trong giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c khi vi\u1ebft nh\u1eadt k\u00fd, truy\u1ec7n, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb, danh t\u1eeb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">a. <strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nh\u1eadt<\/th><th>Romaji<\/th><th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u6628\u65e5\u3001\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u3002<\/td><td>Kin\u014d, hon o yonda.<\/td><td>H\u00f4m qua, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td><td>Ashita, eiga o minai.<\/td><td>Ng\u00e0y mai t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xem phim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6765\u9031\u3001\u65c5\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/td><td>Raish\u016b, ryok\u014d suru.<\/td><td>Tu\u1ea7n sau t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i du l\u1ecbch.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">b. <strong>T\u00ednh t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nh\u1eadt<\/th><th>Romaji<\/th><th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306f\u5e83\u3044\u3002<\/td><td>Kono heya wa hiroi.<\/td><td>C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td><td>Kono heya wa hirokunai.<\/td><td>C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u5bd2\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/td><td>Ky\u014d wa samukatta.<\/td><td>H\u00f4m nay tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1nh.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">c. <strong>Danh t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Nh\u1eadt<\/th><th>Romaji<\/th><th>Ngh\u0129a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u5f7c\u306f\u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3002<\/td><td>Kare wa gakusei da.<\/td><td>Anh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5f7c\u306f\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td><td>Kare wa gakusei dewa nai.<\/td><td>Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u65e5\u66dc\u65e5\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/td><td>Kin\u014d wa nichiy\u014dbi datta.<\/td><td>H\u00f4m qua l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia theo th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng). Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng: a. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo nh\u00f3m: Nh\u00f3m Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh Nh\u00f3m I \u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u304f \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044 Nh\u00f3m II \u98df\u3079\u308b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[196,210],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-25161","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-kien-thuc-n5","doc_category-ngu-phap-n5"],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/25161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25161"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/25161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25162,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/25161\/revisions\/25162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=25161"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/riki.edu.vn\/goc-chia-se\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=25161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}